An AV fistula is a surgical connection between an artery and a vein, usually in the forearm or upper arm. The high-pressure flow makes the vein stronger and larger so that dialysis needles can be placed reliably. A vein-mapping assessment is done first, and the fistula takes several weeks to mature before it can be used. A kidney specialist in Mumbai plans the timing so that the fistula is ready before dialysis becomes urgent.

How the Procedure Can Help

A fistula is generally considered the preferred long-term access for haemodialysis. It provides good blood flow, lasts for years, and has lower rates of infection and clotting than catheters or grafts.

Risks and Considerations

A fistula may fail to mature or may clot, and a narrowing may need a second procedure. Swelling of the hand, reduced blood supply to the fingers (steal syndrome), infection, or aneurysm formation can occur. The access arm should be protected from pressure, tight clothing and blood pressure cuffs.