Colorectal and functional gastrointestinal disorders affect the lower digestive tract and how it works. They include haemorrhoids, anal fissures, chronic constipation, faecal incontinence, diverticular disease and irritable bowel syndrome. Although common, they affect daily comfort and confidence, and many patients delay seeking help.

Assessment begins with a careful history and examination. Rectal bleeding should not be assumed to be haemorrhoids without evaluation, as polyps or cancer can cause it too. A colonoscopy in Mumbai may be advised where symptoms or age suggest a need to look further.

Functional disorders such as irritable bowel syndrome show no visible damage, so diagnosis rests on symptom patterns and exclusion of other causes. Treatment relies on diet, fibre, hydration, stress management and, where needed, medicines.

Colorectal and functional services at Apex include:

• Constipation and Bowel Habit Evaluation: Assessment of chronic or changing bowel patterns, looking for dietary, medicine-related or structural causes before treatment is planned.
• Haemorrhoid and Fissure Assessment: Evaluation and treatment of common anorectal complaints such as bleeding, pain and itching, with a focus on ruling out more serious causes.
• IBS Management: Diet and medicine-based management of irritable bowel syndrome, including identification of trigger foods and advice on stress and sleep.
• Diverticular Disease Care: Evaluation and treatment of diverticulosis and diverticulitis, including management of acute episodes and advice on reducing the risk of recurrence.