Neuroimmunology deals with conditions in which the body's immune system attacks the nervous system. Multiple sclerosis (MS) is the best known. It damages the protective covering of nerves in the brain and spinal cord, causing episodes of numbness, vision loss, weakness, imbalance or bladder problems that may improve and then return.

Diagnosis combines the history, examination, MRI of the brain and spine and, sometimes, a lumbar puncture and blood tests. Other conditions can resemble MS, so accurate diagnosis matters before long-term treatment begins.

During a relapse, short courses of steroid medicines are often used to hasten recovery. Long-term disease-modifying treatments aim to reduce relapses and slow progression. Regular MRI scans and clinical review help monitor the condition.

Neuroimmunology services at Apex include:

• MS Diagnosis: Careful assessment with MRI and, where needed, spinal fluid analysis to confirm multiple sclerosis and rule out conditions that mimic it.
• Relapse Treatment: Treatment of new episodes of weakness, numbness or vision loss to shorten the attack and support recovery.
• Long-Term Disease Control: Choice and monitoring of medicines that reduce relapses, with regular checks for side effects and disease activity.
• Autoimmune Nerve Disorders: Evaluation of other immune-related conditions of the nerves, brain and spinal cord, such as inflammation of the optic nerve or spinal cord.