Reproductive endocrinology deals with hormonal causes of irregular cycles and difficulty conceiving. Infertility is usually defined as not conceiving after a year of regular unprotected intercourse or after six months if the woman is over 35. Causes may lie with the woman, the man or both.

Both partners are assessed. In women, the doctor checks for ovulation, thyroid and other hormones, the womb cavity and the fallopian tubes. In men, a semen analysis is the first test. Many couples find a treatable cause, and some conceive with simple measures such as timed intercourse, ovulation medicines, or resolving thyroid problems.

When these steps do not work, assisted options such as intrauterine insemination (IUI) or in vitro fertilisation (IVF) may be considered. Counselling accompanies treatment because the process can be emotionally demanding.

Reproductive endocrinology and infertility services at Apex include:

• Infertility Evaluation: Structured assessment of ovulation, tubes, womb and semen quality to find the cause, with tests chosen in sequence rather than all at once.
• Ovulation Induction: Medicines to help the ovaries release an egg, with ultrasound monitoring to adjust doses and lower the chance of multiple pregnancy.
• PCOS and Hormone Care: Management of irregular cycles, excess hair growth and weight, with lifestyle advice and medicines that also support fertility.
• Assisted Reproduction Counselling: Explanation of IUI and IVF, including expected steps, costs of time and effort, risks and realistic chances for the couple's situation.